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Glossary

Glossary of Terms

Hydrology

The study of the processes affecting the movement of freshwater, including underground waters.

Salinity

The number of grams of salt per thousand grams of sea water, usually expressed in parts per thousand.

Reflection

The process by which the energy of the wave is returned seaward.

Precautionary approach

The essence of the approach is expressed in Principle 15 of the Rio Declaration that states "Where there are threats of serious or irreversible damage, lack of scientific certainty shall not be used as a reason to postponing cost-effective measures to prevent environmental degradation." The approach is concerned with avoiding risk that has not been assessed, i.e. uncertainty.

Scour

The removal of underwater material by waves and currents, especially at the base or toe of a shore structure.

Reference Zone

In regard to beach measuring procedure, the part of the foreshore subject to wave action (between the limit of uprush and the limit of backwash) at mid-tide stage.

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