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Glossary

Glossary of Terms

Berm Breakwater

Rubble mound structure with horizontal berm of armor stones at about sea level, which is allowed to be (re)shaped by the waves.

Scarping

The erosion of a dune or berm by wave attack during a storm or a large swell.

Riprap

A protective layer or facing of quarry stone, usually well graded within wide size limit, randomly placed to prevent erosion, scour, or sloughing of an embankment or bluff; also the stone so used. The quarry tone is placed in a layer at least twice the thickness of the 50 percent size, or 1.25 times the thickness of the largest size stone in the gradation.

Nutrient Loading

The input of fertilising chemicals to the nearshore environment, usually via non-point source runoff and sewage effluent. Nutrient loading often leads to algal booms.

Wave Length

The horizontal distance between similar points on two successive waves measured perpendicularly to the crest.

Seawall

A structure, often concrete or stone, built along a portion of a coast to prevent erosion and other damage by wave action. Often it retains earth against its shoreward face.

A structure separating land and water areas to alleviate the risk of flooding by the sea. Generally shore-parallel, although some reclamation seawalls may include lenghts that are nromal or oblique to the (original) shoreline.
A vertical or near-vertical type of shoreline armouring characterised by a smooth surface.

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